CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
In this research there are five chapters
presented. This contains background of
study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, significance of the study, scope and
limitation of the study, and definition of the key terms. Each section is discussed clearly
as follows: 1.1Background of the Study In
literary world, some people do everything began with their imagination.
They pour their mind, ideas into
a language. In such, most of authors use an imagination or connotation words asa new way
to look at things in the world that are
difficult to be described.An author uses connotation words to achieve a beautiful meaning in which the reader will
feel interesting even enjoy to read. As William
Shakespeare who is perfected using imaginative words in his famous plays. In fact, everything which is used in
the pouring of imagination is born from human
embodiment or what human experience and how human experience it.
As the theory related to
explanation above,the thesis ‘on the Nature of Lexical Concept’(see Evans 2004; Evans and
Green 2006; Johnson 1987; Lakoff 1987;
Lakoff and Johnson 1999) said that forms of expression, such as art, make use of the human symbolic ability, which
relies upon the conceptual system, it follows
that artistic expression must reflect the nature of human embodiment, and thus bodily experience. One way in which art
manifests itself is through language, particularly
literary language. Here it will be concerned with one form of literary languages which takes namely figurative language.
Figurative language means a way
of saying something other than the literal
meaning of the words. It discusses about meaning which is different from the literal interpretation. It is supported by
the theory that figurative or imaginative
language is the sentences fall outside the domain of normal literal language (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980: 53).
Figurative language according to M.H.
Abrahams, is a deviation from
what speakers of language apprehend as the ordinary, or standard, significance or sequence
of words, in order to achieve some special
meaning of effect (Abrahams, 1981: 45).
Figurative language is one type
of lexical meanings which part of Semantic.
As we know that semantic is study about meaning in language. So, this also has the same purpose that learning
figurative language means learning meaning
in language. Learning figurative language is different from learning other study. It can be looked when we did a process
in giving meaning in sentences, absolutely
any enjoyable feeling will appear. That happens because we can see hidden meaning which include in the unique
sentences.
Something which make learning
figurative language is interesting, that using figurative language will appear the
imply meaning which builds the meaning
of sentences become more fresh or live. This case is supported by the theory that figurative language is not the
only way to say what is meant, there is already
a more direct and cognitively simple expression denoting approximately the same entity (compare, for instance, to
reveal a secret, to spill the beans, to become
angry, to hit the ceiling or to deal successfully with a problem, and also to clear a hurdle) (Dmitrij Dobrovol’skil and
Elisabeth Pirainen, 2005:18).
Figurative language also can be a
challenge on People who are learning English as a second language then they will find many
types of figurative language because of
their vocabulary limitations. That is why the researcher wants to take the figurative language in the Al-Quir’an as the
object of research. So far, the researcher
explains about subject research in the Al-Qur’an and also something interesting in it below.
In reality, most of the sentences
in the Al-Qur’an use figurative language.
For instance; He said: O Adam! Inform them of their names,
and when he had informed them of their
names, He said: Did I tell you that I know the secret of the heavens and the earth?And I know
that which ye disclose and which ye
hide. (Al-Baqoroh:33) In the sentence O
Adam! Inform them of their names, and when he had informed them of their names, He said: Did I
tell you that I know the secret of the
heavens and the earth?. It means that Allah asked Adam to say for the mankind about the names of things, and then
Allah asked to say that He is only the
one Lord who creates and know all everything before and after life in the world. From the meaning of the sentence above,
the researcher tries to follow translator’s
way in arrangement the sentence. The sentence is addressed pointedly Adam which is clearly stated by the word ‘O
Adam’. So, it is categorized into apostrophe
form.
Al-Quran
is the Holy book for Muslims in the world. Al-Quran has 30 juz, 114 Surah which all the Surah have many
uniqueness and usages. Al-Quran has superpower
in every Surah, every sentence, and every word. In doing the research, researcher chooses one Surah of the Holy
Qur’an which has uniqueness in the English
translation. Concerning to those, researcher chooses one Surah exactly Al-Baqarah as the subject of research.
Al-Baqoroh is the Surah which
great. Al-Baqoroh has sobriquet as Surah of wealth by Prophet Muhammad because of its
great usages. Al-Baqoroh has beautiful
words arrangement. Most of verse Al-Baqoroh has meaning which is implied through the sentences. The words which
are used in the English translation of
surah Al-Baqoroh has more imply meanings and messages. The words which are used contain parables.
Many English translators of
Al-Qur’an who existed, but the researcher choses Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall’s
translation because his translation is
more simple and understandable. Under the service of the Nizam of Hyderabad, Pickthall published his translation
of the Qur’an, becoming the first English
translation done by a Muslim and authorized by the Al-Azhar University, referred to by the times literary supplement
as “A Great Literary Achievement”.
There are several previous
studies which are relevant with this topic.
Those are Zaman (2005), his study
entitled “A Study on the Figurative Language Usee by Football Host on RCTI”. He
found that figures of speech can turn up wherever and whenever. Vyvyan Evans and Jörg
Zinken (2006), with the title “Figurative
Language in a Modern Theory of Meaning Construction: A Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models Approach”. He
found that there is a relation between
art, body, and embodiment as basis on figurative language. Samsul Huda (2007), his studied entitled “An Analysis on
the Traits of Figurative Language Used
by Pranatacara in the Javanese Wedding Ceremony”. He found that Javanese wedding ceremonies contain a lot of
verbal symbols in the form of figures of
speech. The last previous is Ulfa Zain (2010) with the title “Semantic Study od Fgures of Speech Used in Short
Story…”. She discussed there are sixteen
types of figures of speech which are applied appropriately and accurately.
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