CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Study In
social life, people always communicate with each other by using language.
Language is one of tools of
communication. In communication, language has an important role because it means to explain
what the speaker wants the listener to do.
Yule (1996:48) said that
illocutionary act is form an utterance with some kind of function in mind. While people communicate,
they use utterances to express what they
have in their mind toward the listener. Utterance produced by speaker does not only function to explain the speaker mind
toward the listener but also means to show the relationship between them. In attempting
to express themselves, people do not only
produce utterances containing grammaticalstructures and words, they perform actions via those utterances (Yule, 1996:47). It
means that in saying a word, sometimes
someone uses word not only to say things but also used it to do things. In brief, when someone says something, it has
some action behind it, which is called speech
act.
Language has a very important meaning in the
world of politics. Language is essential
to politicians. Mostactivities performed by the politicians are done through the avenue created by language. Language
becomes a very powerful medium to instill
ideology, influence, and gain and maintain power. Language serves as a means of doing ideological control and power
control. Ideological cultivation processes and controlling power requires such language as
the medium of political speeches, campaign,
manifesto, rally, election, inauguration, governance etc. Political speech is becoming a popular concept especially inthe
area of linguistic research.
The point of interest of this research is Joko
Widodo, one of the phenomenal politicians
in Indonesia. Joko Widodo is more widely known as Jokowi. Not only spread to a national scale, the figure of the
Governor of Jakarta is also known to foreign
countries. He is different and unique, that's the interesting part of the
figure.
Time magazine covers Jokowi
profiles with simple reason. Jokowi is considered unique because of a political figure and a
successful entrepreneur who became a leader.
Jokowi crazes in visits to slums or “blkan”now become his trademark (http://cholilright.blogspot.com/2013/04/time-magazine-phenomenal-leader-call.html
retrieved on 15 July 2013).
Since served as the governor of Jakarta, the
media never stop preaching the figure of
Joko Widodo. Even, media more incentive to cover his activities and reported to the public. Joko Widodo started
phenomenal since its emergence as Surakarta
Mayor has raised the dignity of Solo or Surakarta into the spirit of Java after becoming Governor ofJakarta since
October 2012.
Joko Widodo, who was awarded third place in the
2012 World Mayor Project, became the
elected governor of Jakarta in October 2012 after serving as mayor of Surakarta (Solo) since 2005. During his time
as Mayor of Surakarta, Joko Widodo (Jokowi)
turned the crime-ridden city into a regional centre for arts and culture, which has started to attract international
tourism. His campaign against corruption earned him the description of being the most
honest politician inIndonesia. Joko Widodo’s
victory over Jakarta’s incumbent governor Fauzi Bowo was largely due to his track record as mayor of his hometown and
his reputation for honesty and humility
(http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/jakarta-widodo.html, retrieved on 10 July 2013).
The research is on Joko Widodo’s political
speeches during the governor election
campaign of Jakarta in2012. One of the reasons why analyze the speeches is because she is greatly interested in political
area especially on political speech. In politics,
we must be able to convey message without insulting the other people, and at the same time we can successfully make
people understand and support our intention.
Politicians express their opinions and viewpoints and present their arguments to influence and convince potential
voters. A politician who can convince his
public that his aims and objectives are right and thus persuades his audience
to support him has delivered a good
speech and increased his influence, in other words, his power. From this fact, she is strongly
curious to know the illocutionary acts in Joko Widodo’s speeches and how Joko Widodo
takes the advantage of using illocutionary
acts in the political speech because it is very important to understand the illocutionary acts when we talk to people.
An Analysis of Illocutionary Acts in Joko
Widodo’s Political Speeches means to
explain the relationship between a theory of language, especially speech acts theory with its practice. This research
describes the theory of illocutionary acts, which exist in Joko Widodo’s speeches, one of
the three speech acts’ components, and
the theory of illocutionary acts as theory of language in use. The speech act approach to discourse focuses upon knowledge
of underlying conditions for production
and interpretation of acts through words. It can be noted that words may perform more than one action at a time and
that contexts may help to separate multiple
function of utterances from one another. The literal meaning of words and contexts in which they occur may interact in
our knowledge of the conditions underlying
the realization of acts and the interpretations of acts.
1.2. Problems of the Study Based
on the background, there are somequestions to be raised as the problems of this analysis, they are: 1. What
the types of illocutionary acts are found inJoko Widodo’s political speeches? 2.
Which type of illocutionary acts isthe most dominant in Joko Widodo’s political speeches? 1.3. Objectives of the Study The objectives as follows: 1. To
classify the type of illocutionary acts found in Joko Widodo’s political speeches.
2. To find out the most dominant type in the
utterancesin Joko Widodo’s political
speeches.
1.4. Scope of the Study This
research mainly focuses on the types of illocutionary acts appeared in Joko Widodo‘s political speeches delivered in
the years of 2012 during the governor election
campaign of Jakarta. There are 3 speeches; on 3 June 2012, 16 September 2012 and 20 September 2012. The illocutionary
acts contained in the political speeches
are analyzed by using Searle’s classification.
1.5. Significances of the Study This
study is considered importantas it provides
the readers easy understanding
about speech acts, especially in the form of speech. On the other word, this study will inspire other researcher
prospective to explore deeper about the illocutionary
acts area in other speech. Thus, for the students who find difficulty understanding speech acts can make this study
as bibliography to understand speech acts
easily.
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar