CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This part presents the introduction of this
study.It includes background of the
study, problem of the study, objective of the study, scope and limitation, significant of the study, definition of the
key terms, and research method. The research
method includes research design, data sources, data collection, and data analysis.
1.1 Background of the Study Literature describes mostly about human life.
By understanding literature, we can know
several characteristics of human being in which human conflicts in the human life. Literature can take us out of
the track of weary routine by guiding us
to understand something of what completely vast body of human living in which our day-to-day concerns have their place
(Mayhead, 1981: 9).
Literature is inspirable from
human being’s life since it describes the events that happen in societies. Literature
has contributions to help people to understand
human sentiments, interests, and problems. A pure evident of the contribution of literature is by reading and
understanding a literary work, people can
understand the world deeply. However, their sense of humanity and social relationship will increase. No wonder, if many
social phenomenons can be reflected in
literary works.
In this case, the reality of women
discrimination in some societies is one pure
example of conflicts of life. However, God creates men and women not only naturally different, but also biologically
different. With those variations, actually they play like a colossal drama in the world.
They perform and impersonate their roles
of drama and help each other in order to makeit well (Abdurrahman, 1998:1).
Unfortunately, several societies
still discriminatewomen in several aspects of life. In the last hundred years ago, women
had isolated and had defeated by those
societies. Women had assumed as the secondarymember because women labeled as sensitive, emotional, needful,
changeable, patient, and dependent on other
people. This assumption happens because physically they are weaker than men in thinking and doing everything. Then,
with this assumption, women considered
as an unequal chance of group in severalaspects of life such as in economic, social, politic, and educational
aspects and so on (www.wiredwoman.com/mc/page.do.html).
Of course, the women
discrimination in several societies causes women difficult to explore their skills and it
limits them in a social interaction such as getting jobs and other. The other assumption
said that women who want to meet success
need indirectly through the accomplishment of considerable other people such as their husbands, their fathers, or even
their children because the social norm
typically involve that marital and maternal roles largely vicarious in nature are the most desirable and appropriate roles
for women. In contrast, men typically achieve
directly through their own success with a little obstruction (Sunny, 1978: 98).
The explanation above is as a
fundamental reason ofthe writer in choosing women emancipation. In this case, the purpose
is inorder to women get authority of
them that is discriminated by men group. Moreover, by the emancipation, women are able to show for all people
especially for men that actually women have
capacities and abilities as well as men. Therefore, by the emancipation, women not only must struggle but also must
acquire their right by exploring their potency.
Moreover, they must phase out a feminine stereotype such as not active, dependent, not competent, not successful, and
not able to keep their selves (http://www.wiredwoman.com/mc/page.do.html).
. However, the substance of
career women gives important role in certain aspects such as in economic income of family,
economic income of country, moreover to
explore women’s skills in order to the skills are useful for their selves and other people. The principal determinants
of women’s choice to enter the labor force
are the availability and level of alternativefoundation of income. However, the factors of women participant in the labor
forceare negatively related to husband’s
income, the present of children with marital status category, and education (Freeman, 1975: 305).
The writer uses a feminist
literary criticism in this study because she thinks that it appropriate theory with this
study, which treat how to be women emancipation
on career in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte.However, a women movement has a function to struggle the
equality ofwomen. Sonarjati Djajanegara (2000: 4) says that the feminist purpose is
increasing the women position and ranking
it as the same as well men. The increasing women position and rank include not only getting the same right and
opportunity with men, but also liberating
women from domestic area excess.
Ryan (1999: 101) has argued that
“feminist literary criticism studies literature
by women for how it addresses or expresses the particularly of women’s lives and experiences. And it studies
the male dominated canon in order to
understand ho men have used culture to further their dominant of women.” By understanding the concept of feminism in
the wayof women emancipation, she hopes
the readers to change theirway of point of view about women position, especially for women not be
afraid in exploring skill by choosing what
jobs that they want and pursue their dreams according to their talent and interest.
In this study, the writer uses
feminist literary criticism that focused on the Naomi Wolf’s liberal feminism theory. She uses
it because liberal feminism asserts the
equality of men and women. Feminist literary criticism is part of individualistic form of feminism that attempt
to examine women ability. In order to
women have bravery and self-confidence to show and maintain their equality through their own actions and choices.
Moreover, liberal feminism uses personal interactions between men and women as the
place to transform society. According to
liberal feminists, all women are capable in asserting their ability to achieve equality, therefore it is possible for
changing to happen without altering the structure
of society. (http.www.liberalfeminist.htm) On the other way, the writer chooses Jane
Eyreby Charlotte Bronte as the object of
this study because this novel involves several good moral messages that appropriate to the feminism approach in
shining up to women emancipation.
However, Jane Eyreby Charlotte
Bronte is one of great novels that has special hidden purpose about feminism and deeply
meaning ofwomen role. Moreover, it talks
about an independent woman in th century.
Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre
embraces many feminist views in opposition to the Victorian feminine ideal.
During the 1800’s, the time in
which Jane Eyrewas written and setting of the novel. Women were stereotyped as being
“submissive, dependent, beautiful, but
ignorant.” They were seen only trophies meant to cling to the aim of men but never meant to develop a mind of their own or
to virtue out on their own. This stereotype
proved difficult for women to be taken seriously. In this case, the interpretation of her sex, Bronte attempted to
change it by creating a heroin that possessed
the antisepsis of this trait. Indeed, themain female character of this novel, Jane Eyre may be a plain woman but she
is anintelligent one. She is also has
self confident, strong willed and morally conscious. She not only trusts in her
ability to make decisions but also in
her freedom to do so.
ical ap� E c . ؕc @e roach will be help the
writer to focuses her analysis on Lucy
Snowe’s psychological problems and the way she deals with them.
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