CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses background
of the study, statements of the problems,
objectives of the study, scope and limitation, significance of the study, and definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study Most
people like an interesting story of a novel. A good novelist is able to present an incredible story by
applying some elements of the novel to make
the product perfect. A good story of the novel is written by presenting intrinsic and extrinsic elements to the
readers supported by a detailed picture about how people in their life (Hidayati, 2007).
Writing a good novel is not easy
as reading it. Creating a novel is not as
easy making a notebook because the writer of the novel or her literary works must be able to cover a beautiful story
and a wonderful language in her work. A
good story without good language is like a garden without flower.
Therefore, many writers picture
the story of their social environment on their literary work to make the real story.
According to Abrams (1969:15), a
novel that is based on the life of the author
is called an autobiographical novel. The writers somewhat draw their own experience in most of their work. Writing
an autobiography novel seems to be a
difficult thing because it presents not only the history of someone’s life but also the emotion of the characters.
The author should write any detailed
information amazingly in his or her autobiographical novel because it will build the reader’s emotion and impression.
Hughes (1998: 803-804) states
that autobiography, as a literary form, is
to distinguished from the type of self-revolution which is not most closely related the diary, journal, and memoir. Diary
is a record of daily experience, the
preservation of the day-by-day process of one’s own life, without regarding the patterned development, narrative
continuity, or dramatic movement toward
and completing a pattern finally achieved in later life.
The memoir devotes more attention
to the occurrences around and outside
the writer to the writer him or herself. From the memoir, people learn a great deal about the society in which the
subject of the memoirs moves, but little
about the writer him or herself. Memoirs have often been written by politicians or military leaders as a way to
record and publish urge to confront and
understand his or her experience (Peak, 1998: 1170). Was one of Tim O’Brien’s novels which are considered as the
reflection of his story is The Thing
They Carried. It is one of his novels which is categorized as autobiographical novel which tells about his
life and love story.
Based on the novel, it seems that
the story is inspired by Tim O’Brien’s
life. It is accordance with Brian’s statement, “Tim once said ‘and the war occurred half a lifetime ago, and yet
the remembering makes it now.
And sometimes remembering will
lead to a story, which makes it forever.” It means that Tim was inspired by his own
experience in writing this novel. He arranged
has experience in such away so that life is complex. Then, people feel that it cannot be processed within a
novel yet. People must also feel the author’s
urge to confront and understand him or herself experience (Peak, 1998: 1170).
From the above statement, it can
be said that The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien is a kind of
autobiographical novel because it draws the life in a very natural way. The story is also very
interesting; it takes as the setting when
the social life was very determined time for the Vietnam history.
Being interested in all of the
explanation above, the researcher tries to find the truth of the theory of Wellek and
Warren (1995: 82) that “a literary work
can be the reflection of the author’s life. In his or her work, he or she not only tells his or her experience but also
expresses idea. Therefore, a literary
work may be assumed as the expression of the author’s idea, imagination, thought, and psychological
experience. Wellek and Warren affirm
that the main cause for the existence of the literary work is the writer.
In accordance with the above
idea, the researcher chooses the autobiographical
novel because as some of the theories reveal, an autobiographical novel is a novel which is
based on the life of the author. The Things
They Carriedis chosen as the novel of this research. In order to find how the fiction portrays the real life as the
author.
There are many reasons why the
researcher is interesting in discussing The
Things They Carried. The first reason, The Things They Carried fifth debut novel is very meaningful for him which
has made the forty-three-yearsold Tim O’Brien famous almost overnight. The
second reason is that Tim is very famous
American writer, he is very skillful in playwriting, and many of his works picture the condition and tragedy of
the environment where he has been
living. In short, The Things They Carriedis one of Tim’s novels that tell about his life.
There is another researcher who
used the same theory but different novel.
She is Siti Fatimah as the graduate assessment of her study in 2007.
She wrote a thesis entitled
AnAnalysis on the Autobiographical Aspects of Charles Dickens’ David Copperfield. She
focused her study on autobiographical
aspects of the main character.The result of her study is that David Copperfield had undergone many
conflicts but he had never been frustated.
Based on the description above,
although the researcher used different novel,
bit she used the same theory to analyze this thesis. The researcher has decided to conduct a study entitles “The
Reflection of Tim O’Brien’s Life in The
Things They Carried.” 1.2 Statements of the Problems Referring to the
background of the study, the problems that will be discussed are as follows: 1. what kind of
experiences does Jimmy have in The Things They Carried? 2. how does Tim’s
experience reflects the Jimmy’s experience? 1.3 Objectives of the Study In
relation to previous statement of the problem, the objective of this study is formulated as follows: 1. to describe
what kind of experience Jimmy has in The Things They Carried 2. to describe how Tim’s experiences
reflects the Jimmy’s experience 1.4 Scope and Limitation This study will focus
on the autobiographical aspects includes his education, his joining army, his love, his
career, his simply living and his childhood
experience in The Things They Carried. Especially, this study will concentrate on aspect of the main character
(Jimmy), the laspect of the author (Tim
O’Brien) and the reflection Tim O’Brien on the main character of The Things They Carried.
yl� h e t XEd �
d stify'>However, Jane Eyreby Charlotte
Bronte is one of great novels that has special hidden purpose about feminism and deeply
meaning ofwomen role. Moreover, it talks
about an independent woman in th century.
Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre
embraces many feminist views in opposition to the Victorian feminine ideal.During the 1800’s, the time in
which Jane Eyrewas written and setting of the novel. Women were stereotyped as being
“submissive, dependent, beautiful, but
ignorant.” They were seen only trophies meant to cling to the aim of men but never meant to develop a mind of their own or
to virtue out on their own. This stereotype
proved difficult for women to be taken seriously. In this case, the interpretation of her sex, Bronte attempted to
change it by creating a heroin that possessed
the antisepsis of this trait. Indeed, themain female character of this novel, Jane Eyre may be a plain woman but she
is anintelligent one. She is also has
self confident, strong willed and morally conscious. She not only trusts in her
ability to make decisions but also in
her freedom to do so.
ical ap� E c . ؕc @e roach will be help the
writer to focuses her analysis on Lucy
Snowe’s psychological problems and the way she deals with them.
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