CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents
introduction which consists of background of the study, problem of the study,
objective of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the
study, and definition of the key term.
1.1 Background of the Study People
as human being created by God have strength and weakness. One of weakness is
making errors. People as human being are inseparable from making error. As
stated clearly in Hadits: The sentence above shows that making errors is a
natural characteristic or feature of human being given by God to His creature.
It means that making error cannot be avoided by every person in daily life.
People can make errors in
different ways. For example, when they are talking or writing. In delivering
speaking and writing, people use language as tool of communication. Writing is
a one of communication form using language. In writing, people could make
errors in using structure of certain language because some factors. This is
because every language has certain roles or structure as component. In
foreign language learning process, making errors cannot be avoided for the learners
to acquire the target language. Learners faced new rules of the target language
which has different rules with their native language roles.
Like human learning, foreign
language learning is inseparable from making errors. As stated by Brown in
Subagio (1999:5), human learning is fundamentally a process that involves the
making of errors. A learner inevitably makes countless errors in learning the
target language. It means that in learning the target language, making errors
is natural characteristic even it can be one of the steps in learning process.
English learners can make errors
in different ways. In written form some components of language are included
such as syntax. Bornstein (in Laily, 2006:3) says that syntax is the process by
which words and grammatical categories combine to form phrases, clauses and
sentences in language. It is one of the branches of linguistics studying about
the rules or patterned relation that govern the way words combine to form
phrases, or phrases combine to form sentences.
The researcher chooses thesis
proposal to be analyzed because it is the final work written by students
especially English Letters and Language Department students. It is as a product
of their writing skill as well as their skill in constructing sentence well.
The thesis proposals on syntax
study are chosen as the researcher believed that the students who discuss
syntax study have to write sentence well, but the fact shows that their
proposals have errors in the sentence construction.
The previous researchers who have
conducted the study in the same field are Subagio (1999) who has researched
common grammatical errors in speaking made by the English students at IKIP ,
Syefriwanti (1997) who has conducted an analysis on students’ errors in English
composition and Srirahayu (2000) who has done an error analysis on English
complex sentence made by the third year students of English Education
Department of State University of . Mardijono(2003) also has investigated on
Indonesian EFL Advanced Learners'
Grammatical Errors. In addition, Syarifatin (2007) has investigated syntactic
errors in the argumentative essays of the students of English Letters and Language
Department of the State Islamic University of .
Based on the above previous
study, most researchers discuss errors in speaking, composition and complex
sentence. In this study, the researcher discusses errors in syntax thesis
proposal focusing on the skill in constructing sentences using syntactic
analysis. Therefore, this thesis is entitled “Syntactic errors found in thesis
proposal on syntax study of the students of English Letters and Language
Department of the State Islamic University of .” 1.2 Problem of the Study Based
on the background of the study above, the problem of the study is what are the
types of the syntactic errors found in thesis proposal on syntax study of the
students of English Letters and Language Department of the State Islamic University
of ? 1.3 Objective of the Study Based on
the problem of the study, the objective of the study is to find out the types
of syntactic errors found in thesis proposal on syntax study of the students of
English Letters and Language Department of the State Islamic University of .
1.4 Significance of the Study Theoretically,
the result of this study is expected to be useful and gives new information to
the study of error, especially in syntactic errors.
Practically, the result of this
study will give contribution to the students who will analyze the same object
and also to enrich their understanding about error deeply, to broaden their
knowledge in order not to have mistake or errors in the same way. Furthermore,
to the lecturers this study will assist them to point out the students’
syntactic problems and will give relevant inputs to help the students see the
common syntactic errors and better improve their syntactic performance.
1.5 Scope and Limitation This
study is limited on the area of error which is focused on syntax based on the
classification of linguistics category taxonomy proposed by Dulay, Burt and
Krashen based on Politzer and Romirez theory as guideline.
The object of this study is
syntax thesis proposal written by the students of English Letters and Language
Department as the final project upon the completion of the undergraduate study year 2003 in the
State Islamic University of .
There are two kinds of thesis
proposal proposed by the students, namely linguistics and literature. In this
study, the researcher chooses linguistics thesis proposals discussing syntax
thesis proposals and takes the latest thesis proposals in order to get up to
date data.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms To
avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation that may appear, the researcher
defines some terms: a. Syntactical errors: any deviation from the rule system
due to insufficient competence of the target language, particularly in syntax
which involves phrase, clause and sentence.
c. Linguistic category taxonomy:
the classification of errors according to either the language components or the
particular linguistics constituents the error affect or both.
d. Surface Strategy Taxonomy: the
category which highlights the ways surface structures are altered. It concerns
with identifying cognitive processes that underlie the learner' s
reconstruction of the new language.
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