CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This section includes background
of the study, research problems,
objective of the study, significant of the study, scope and limitation of the
study, and definition of key terms. Each of the items is discussed
clearly as follows: 1.1 Background of the Study Language is essentially
important in human life as a means of communication. By communication, people easily can share
information to each another, express their ideas and interact with others. Besides, in
communication, comprehensive me aning of the words is primary because between a speaker
and an interlocutor who aim to know and
comprehend the main concept, feeling and experience of each uses a language, which is spoken.
Furthermore, we can understand a language by
means of meaning. Eve ryone who knows a
language can understand what is said to him or her, and can produce string of words that conveys meaning. In linguistic, the
study that related to meaning is called semantics. Fromkin states that semantics is
the study of linguistics mean ing (1983:166).
While according Goddard, semantics is the study of meaning, stand sat the very centre of the linguistic quest to
understand the nature of language abilities.
Semantics is one of the branches of
linguistics studying about the meaning, and it is considered as a major branch of linguistics devoted to the study of
meaning in language (Crystal, 1999:310).
Semantics is also at the centre of the study of human mind-though process, cognition and
conceptualization, all these are intricately bound up with the way which we classify and convey
out experience of the words through language. Foreign
language is important. Arabic is one of language, which comes and grows in the Middle East country. It has a great
deal potential to develop and spread in the international world because of its dynamic
characteristics and the important role as the language of Islam religion. Muslims are
suggested to master Arabic or at least to recognize its graphic system in their life
times. Arabic is also used as a language of Holy Quran and it is respected so
much by all M uslims all over the world.
The language of Al Quran is special, different
from others. Every effort had been made
whose befitting language to translate the H oly Quran but the result is not the
Glorious Quran that is inmitable
symphony, the very sounds of which movement to tears and ectacy. (Pickthall, 1999:xxvii).
Al Quran is the Glorious book of Muslims that
always relevant in all ages. It has a collection
of Allah SWT revelation that were brought dawn by Jib ril to Muhammad SAW with the certain ways gradually for about
23 years. Al Quran is a universal Holy book.
It is revealed by Allah and not created by human beings.
In this study, the writer wants to present the
analysis on the English translation of Surah
Al Furqon by T. B. Irving including semantics in their meaning. As we know, Al Quran is the complete code of living and
the book of guidance. In order to implement
its commandments, we need to read it carefully and understand the meaning of its verses and Surahs. Many people,
however, do not bother to try to understand
it, but read it like parrots, particularly people who do not read or understand Arabic. Many are in the habit of
reading surahs or verses at particular times
or on particular days. For exampl e, surah Al-Fur'qon. It is a th surah of the Holy Qur'an in order. Surah Al-Furqon
"The Standard (OR The Criterion) " was revealed in
Meccan verses, and 68-70 in section VI which date from Madina. It was revealed after yasin 36 and before originator
35. T he purpose of its message is to make
associators reflect on the future.
Arabia on Muhammad (peace be upon him) the last Prophet and Messenger of God (Allah)
Almighty. The surah has taken its title from
verse 1.
The writer chooses this surah because it is
one of the choices surah that has many usages.
The standard mentioned refers to man's intellectual faculties and his power of distinguishing right from wrong. It begins
with a statement directed against those associators
who accused Muhammad of copying ot hers and not being a prophet in his own right, and likewise against their objects of worship. It ends in a long
hymn to God's creation, His power, and
the parable of " The Two Seas" Here, the writer chooses, researches
and analyzes the translation of Surah
AlFurqaan by T. B. Irving in English translation because while under the
service of the Nizam of Hyderabad, T. B.
Irving published his translation of the Qur'an, becoming the first English translation done by a muslim
and authorized by the Al -Azhar University,
referred to by the Times Literary Supplement as " a great literary achievement".
Moreover, T. B. Irving stated that the book (
The meaning of The Glorious Qur'an) is here rendered almost literally and every
effort has been made to choose befitting language. But the result is not the Glorious
Qur'an, that inimitable symphony, the very sounds of which move men to tears and ecstasy.
It is only an attempt to present the meaning
of the Qur'an and peradventure something of the charm in English. It can never take the place of the Qur'an in Arabic,
nor is it meant to do so…" According to these phenomenons, the writer
interested in investigates Surah Al Furqon
from semantics aspect. The writer is eager to know the meaning of each verse used as data sources. The writer is also
interested in discussing the messages of surah Al Furqon used by T.B. Irving and its
translation method used in it. Therefore, the writer intends to conduct a study entitled
"Semantic analysis on the English translation
of surah Al Furqon b y T. B. Irving".
This study has various relations with other
relation researchers which have been done
by Lina Hanifiyah (2003) who focused on semantic analysis on the translation of
surah Maryam by Marmaduke Pickthall and
Agustin (2003), which focused on semantic analysis on the translation of some
surahs of Holy Quran by Marmaduke Pickthall,
also Deli Akustria (2003) on semantic analysis
on the translation of surah Yasin
by Dr. Taqiuddin Al Hilali and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan.
1.2 Problem of the Study Based on the
background of the study in preceding discussion the following research problems are formulated as follows : 1. What
kinds of meanings are involved in the English translation of Surah Al- Furqon by T. B. Irving? 2. What messages are found in the translation of
Surah Al -Furqon by T. B.
Irving? 1.3
The Objectives of the Study Based on the problems stated above, this
study is intend ed to the description of:
1. The kinds of meanings which are
involved in the English translation of
surah Al -Furqon by T. B. Irving.
2. The
messages which are found in the translation of Surah Al –Furqon by T. B. Irving.
1.4 Significane of the Study The main purposes
of this research is to know the content, the meanings, the messages, in the English translation of surah
Al - Furqon by T. B. Irving. The result of this research is expected to be a medium which
provided a better understanding of what
has to be taken into account when delicate matters and unpleasant thing which are discussed.
The writer also hopes that this study will
be useful for those who want to know the
more meanings in Surah Al- Furqon which
are important especially for the Moslems.
Besides, the writer hopes that this thesis
proposal will be useful for other researcher as references for further researchers.
1.5
Scope and Limitation The researcher focus her study on the kinds of
meanings, messages and the translation
method on the English translation of T. B.
Irving.
1.6 Definition of key terms The title of this
thesis proposal is " Semantic
analysi s on the English translation of
surah Al- Furqon by T. B. I rving."
Concerning with this title, to avoid
misunderstanding the researcher would like to give some definitions related to semantics term.
Semantics: one of the branches of linguistics
studying about the meaning, and it is considered as a major branch of linguistics
devoted to the study of meaning in
language.
Translation: the interpretation of the meaning
of a text in one language (the "source
text") and the production, in another language, of an equivalent text (the "target text," or
"translation") that communicates the same message.
Surah Al-Furqon: One of the number divisions
on a chapter in the Holy books that consists of 77 verses.
T.B. Irving : Thomas Ballantyn Irving is a
Moslem and the first American English
translator of the Holy Qur'an.
Meaning: Idea or concept that can be
transferred from the speaker's mind to the
hearer by embodying them, as it were, in the form of one language or another.
Message: A spoken or written communication
sent from one person to another.
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Review
of the related literature below covers the discussion about Al -Qur'an as the revelation of Allah, Surah Al Furqon,
semantics, lexical meaning, sentence and utterance meaning, discourse meaning ,
translation, messages, biography of T. B.
Irving and the previous study.
2.1 Al Qur'an as Revelation of Allah Al-Qur'an
is the sacred scripture of Islam. The Arabic word, Qur'an means reading or recitation. Al -Qur'an is always
read by human beings although they do not know the meaning of Al-Qur'an in Arabic, but
they still read it. Al -Qur'an is not only studied from editorial composition and the
election of words but also the extended and
intended messages. Al -Qur'an as a guide for humankind (2: 185) that is
revealed to Muhammad consists of 114 chapter of 6.000 verses.
Al-Qur'an as the greatest book cannot be
matched with other books. It is sent down
to Muhammad in Arabian community that is very clever in arranging poems or sermon and religious advice. By the skill they have, they cannot compile
the greatness of Al-Qur'an. People who
do not believe in the purity of Al -Qur'an are challenged to make one surah or be like it as Allah says: or
do they say, "he forget it?" say: "bring then a sura like unto it, and call (to your aid) anyone you can,
besides Allah, if it be ye speak the
truth!. (2:23) Al-Qur'an's miracle is a proof of the truth coming from Allah
SWT. The purpose of Al-Qur'an's miracle
is explaining the truth of Muhammad SAW. Usman (2001:43) states that there are three aspects
that can be used to prove Al -Qur'an's truth,
they are: 1. The beauty and the
carefulness of language used . Al-Qur'an
Al-Qur'an contains the beauty of
language that is able to be understood by everyone who reads it. The more we
read or hear it, the more enthusiastic we will be.
2. The mysterious news, which is explained by
Al -Qur'an such as the story of Fir'aun in
surah Yunus. The nd verse tells that
this day shall we save thee in the body, that thou mayest be a sign to tho se who come after
thee! But verily, many among mankind are
heedless of our signs!. No one knows that verse because it happened in 1200 before century. In the beginning of th century, exactly in 1896, Loret, an archeologist, found the whole body of Fir'au
n's mummy. It's one of the example of the mysterious news in Al-Qur'an.
3. Scientific science. There are many
scientific science signs found in Al -Qur'an such as what Allah says in surah Yunus th verse It is he who made the sun to be a
shining glory and the moon to be a light
(of beauty) and measure out stages for it,that ye might know the number of years and the count
(of time). Nowise did Allah create this but in truth and righteousness. (Thus) doth he
explain his signs in detail, for those who
know.
All aspects above make Al -Qur'an becomes the
first model of literary artistic.
The uniqueness and specialty of Al -Qur'an
from language side is the first and the main
miracle that is showed to Arab community 15 years ago (Shihab: 2001: 113).
The specialty of Al-Qur'an's language style is
consist of the harmony of structure, the unity of sentences and the greatness of
eloquence of elements (balaghoh), (al -Maliki, 2001: 13).
Shihab (1997:29-31) states that Al-Qur'an has
the beautiful language and the carefulness
of editorial. It can be proved from the balance of the words used, they
are: a. The balance between the number of the word
and it's antonym, for instance: each of the
word "al-hayah (a live)"and "al-mawt (die)" are repeated
for 145 times, the word "al-naf
(benefit) and " al -madharah (dangerous)" are repeated for 50 times,
the word "al- har (hot)" and
"al-bard(cold)" are repeated for 4 times and the word "al -shayf
(summer)" and "al -syita
(winter)" are repeated for a time.
b. The balance between the number of the word and it's synonym, for instance:
each of the word " al-Harts"
and "al-Ziro'ah (plant)" are repeated for 14 times, the word "al- Ushb" and "al-Dhurur
(arrogant)" are repeated for 27 times, the word "Al -Qur'an, al-Wahyu" and " al-Islam (Al
-Qur'an, revelation, Islam)" are reated for 70 times and " al-Aql" and "An-Nur (mind and
light)" are repeated for 16 times.
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