CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses six items.
They are background of study, problem of
study, objective of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation
of the study, definition of the key
terms.
1.1 Background of the Study God doth know what
every female (womb) doth bear, by how much the wombs fall short
(of their time
or number) or
do exceed. Every
single thing is
before His sight, in (due) proportion. (Q.S. Ar-ra‟d: 8) Based on the verse above, Allah as the lord of the
universe has the greatest power to arrange the human life, the only one knows
the measurement of his creations. He
gives us different mercy in order we respect each other‘s mercy and receive it sincerely, because there
is a great secret on the different mercy
of human.
Talking about human being,
however nobody is perfect in this world.
Although God has created human
being better than other creatures, He still gives weakness in every person. Abnormal
social interaction of human also refers
to the weakness which is categorized as language disorder. Language disorder refers to language disfluency which
causes the damage of understanding and
expression of language, such as autism.
The word autism has been popular
in our mind. Autism is one of language
disorder which can be defined as a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests itself in markedly abnormal social
interaction, ability, communication
(complex and motor activity), pattern of behavior and pattern of interest (Britannica Encyclopedia -
digital, 2003). The autistic has problem in language, social interactions, and
communication (Carrol, 1985: 390). It stands
to reason that the autistic people will suffer major problems in daily conversation, since it is the area of language
competence which is most closely related
to social function.
Abnormal social interaction in
persons with autism is reflected in such behaviors as failure to seek comfort from a
parent and lack of eye contact.
They do not understand the social
behaviors necessary to make friends or to work with other people. This lack of social
contact isolates people with the disorder
from many experiences by which most people come to understand the world (Jacobs, 2005: 941) There are some
related researchers which may have similar discussion with this research. However some of them
discussed about autistic children and language
disorder, for example, a study conducted by Fauziyah (2003). She focused on a pragmatic study on speech acts
used by autistic children. She has investigated
speech acts used by some patients of autistic therapy of RSIDinoyo- Malang in
the intermediate and advance level and also the researcher conducted by Nafiah (2008). She focused on the
expressive language disorder of the
autistic child in ―Mercury Rising‖ Film. Based on the explanation above, investigating
the perceptive language disorder becomes
important to do, this is because have the knowledge of the strategy to communicate with people with
language disorder is very important.
Therefore, this study focuses on
the perceptive language disorder of the main characters in Mozart and the Whale Film and
observes the main characters, Donald
Morton and Isabella, as adults with Asperger syndrome. The reason of choosing this film is because Mozart and the
Whale is a dramatic, romantic comedy
inspirited by the live of two people with Aperger‘s Syndrome.
Asperger is a neurological
condition and part of the Autism Spectrum of disabilities that affects social and emotional
interaction which is an affliction few
known existed 20 years ago. Yet, today's studies suggest that as many as 1 in 150 kids age 10 and younger may be affected
by autism or a related disorder with a
total of nearly 300.000 children in the U.S. alone. It is developmental disability, which most likely presents at
birth and affects development throughout
life. Asperger Syndrome (AS) is also characterized by impaired social interaction, impaired communication,
repetitive or odd patterns of behavior
or interests, and unusual responses to stimulation and environments.
The form of autism, which has
emotional dysfunction threaten to sabotage
the budding romance in Mozart and the Whale film. Donald (Josh Hartnett) is a good-natured but hapless taxi
driver with a love of birds and a superhuman
knack for numbers. Like many AS sufferers, he likes patterns and routines. However, when the beautiful but
complicated Isabelle (Radha Mitchell)
joins the autism support group he leads, his life-and his heart-are turned upside down (http://www.rottentomatoes.com).
Based on several considerations
explained above, this research focuses on
analyzing the perceptive language disorder of Donald Morton and Isabella as Aperger‘s Syndrome in Mozart and the Whale
film, because perceptive language
disorder in people with autism is very interesting to be analyzed.
1.2 Research problem The problem of this research
is ―How is the perceptive language disorder of Donald Morton and Isabella in the
conversation of Mozart and the Whale film‖. To get the description of this question, it is divided into
two questions, as follows; 1. What
types of perceptive language disorder occur in the conversations between the main characters
(Donald Morton and Isabella Sorenson) in
Mozart and the Whale film? 2. What types
of perceptive language disorder occur in the conversations between the main characters and
other characters in Mozart and the Whale
film? 1.3 Objective of the study: The
final aim of this research is to describe the perceptive language disorder of Donald Morton and Isabella in the
conversation of Mozart and the Whale
film. It answers the research qucstrasing :
1. Identifying the types of perceptive language
disorder occur in the conversation
between the main characters (Donald Morton and Isabella Sorenson) in Mozart and
the Whale film.
2. Identifying the types of perceptive language
disorder that occur in the conversation
between the main characters and other characters in Mozart and the Whale film.
1.4 Significance of the study: Theoretically,
the results of this study can supply important implications on Psycholinguistics especially on the
perceptive language disorder of people with
autism.
Practically, the results of this
study are expected to be useful reference for the students of English Department who
conduct the research in the same field.
Beside that, the researcher hopes that the result of this study can also give more information for the people who are
concerned with perceptive language disorder
especially in autism such as therapists, educators, and parents.
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the
Study In order to make this research manageable, the researcher sets the scope of a Psycholinguistic study on language
disorder. There are two kinds of language
disorder based on Carrol theories; they are expressive and perceptive language disorder. Therefore the researcher
investigates the language disorder focuses on perceptive language disorder, not
for the expressive one.
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