INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study Language is divided into three; spoken
language, written language and gesture
or silent language. Language is an instrument for conveying meaning and communicating some ideas. People use
languageto interact to each other. They use
it to express their feeling, message, knowledge and desire toward anyone.
Sapir (1921:8) says that language is a purely
human and non-instinctive method of communicating
ideas, emotions, and desireby means of a system voluntary produced symbol. It means that language is
used when we interact with other people
socially or emotionally, to indicate corporation, friendliness, pain, or to express idea, desire, hope, and thought. In
the other word, language is a medium of
communication which plays a vital role in human communication.
Minangkabau as a group of people in Indonesia,
especially from West Sumatra has some
people that have migrated from the basic region. They are spread in some provinces and cities in this
country. Minang or Minangkabau ethnic
has special term to say migration. They called ‘merantau’ for their people who moved from their region or West Sumatra to
another place or city outside of the
province. The people who ‘merantau’ is called ‘perantau’. ‘merantau’ isn’t called for the people who moved from another
place in the same province. It is just
called only for moving outside of the province of West Sumatera.
In Indonesia, there are so many cultures with
each language itself. For example:
Batakness with Batak Language, Sundaness with Sunda Language, Acehness with Aceh Language. Each of the
ethnic uses language as the mean of communication
to communicate each other. By language, they convey meaning, ideas and feelings to another people.
There are so many ethnic in Indonesia, such as
Minangkabau, Batak, Sunda, Melayu, etc.
Minang or Minangkabau ethnic is a group of ethnic and is the upholding traditional Minangkabau language.
Areas include West Sumatra adherent
culture, half of mainland Riau, Bengkulu, western of Jambi, southern North Sumatra, and Aceh Barat Daya. Minang
people are often confused as the people
of Padang, the provincial capital refersto the name of the city of Padang, West Sumatra.
It is important to understand the concept of
migration “merantau’ for Minangkabau
ethnic. So, in this study I try to analyze the meaning of migration ‘merantau’ for Minang or Minangkabau ethnic,
because I think it is important to know
and understand the social life of native people of West Sumatra Province.
1.2 Scope of The Study There are so many ethnic in Indonesia. One of
them is Minangkabau. In the process of
analyzing the problems in this study, I limit the study on the meaning of “Merantau”.
1.3 Purpose of The Study The purpose of the study maybe described as
follows: 1) To find out the meaning of “merantau” for
Minangkabau society.
2) To
find out the effects and prospects of “merantau”.
1.4
Significance of The Study The
significance of the study may be described as follows: 1) The
readers will get explanation about “merantau” of Minangkabau ethnic.
2) To
become additional references for future study.
1.5 The Method of Research One of the essential of scientific studies in
analyzing the problem is having a method
of research. In this study, I apply the library research to get supporting information related to the topic of the study.
This study will be done by using descriptive
qualitative approach. A qualitative approach is defined as a description of observation which is not ordinarily
expressed in quantitative terms. It is not suggested that numerical measures are never
used, but the other means of description
are emphasize. Nazir (1998: 64) says thatdescriptive method is a method of research that makes the description
of the situation of events or occurrence.
Therefore, descriptive design is a research design which is intended only to describe the variable.
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