CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses background of the
study, problems of the study, objectives
of the study, significance of the study,scope and limitation of the study and definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study Literature
is a part of art which shows values of factual and imaginative beauty. It gives consolidation and spiritual
satisfaction to readers, because literary work is closely related to human life.
Mangunwijaya(1984:9) states that literary work is one of the oldest segments of human
culture.
There are many kinds of literary
works in the world. In this paper the writer
just takes The Chronicle of Narnia (the lion, the witch and the wardrobe) novel
written by C.S. Lewis that has been translated into motion picture by Alan Seymour. This novel was published in seven
series books collectively called “The Chronicle
of Narnia”. Actually, film is one of the modern literary works that gave the reader and the audience understanding
about thelife. It is the reflection of life.
By using a novel, we can know
what happened in the past, what happens at present or even what will happen in the future
whenhuman doesn’t know what happens
because a novel tells something that has relation with time event in every period. The script of the film includes genre
of novel which is one of literary work.
But there is a little analysis in movie script. . That is why the researcher
try to explore and analyze the novel
supported by moviescript to show its importance for students. In the motion picture, The
Chronicle of Narniais divides into 3 (three)
chapters, they are: the lion, the witch
and the wardrobe; the silver chair; the
prince Caspian.
Besides, we can find so many
novels that had been translated into motion picture which give an imaginative expression
such as : Harry Potter and The Prisoner
of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the order of the phoenix that written by Joanne Kathryn Rowling. This novel is not so
famouslike some novels below but the
imaginative expression in this novel make the reader and audience curious until end of the novel, that makes this novel
has imaginative expression to the reader
or audience.
According to Peck and Coyle, it
is true that the writers are moralists, they examine the relations between an individual
and society and put forward their ideas
about how should people behave but it would be too simple to say that the important thing about their novel is the
massage they preach (1986:103).
Besides, Glickberg (1967:75)
states “all literature, however fantastic or mystical in content, is animated by a profound
social concern and this is true of even
the most flagrant nihilistic”. This opinion present that all literature work fantastic or even mystical had big influence
in social phenomena. That opinion is the
same Levin’s statement; Literature is not only the effect of social causes but also the cause of social effect. Both opinion
of experts make the assumption that literary
work had relation between social life and literature in mutualism relation, It means that, we can’t separate the
literature from sociological because society can create literature and literature reflect
the sociological life especially at that time the author life.
Clive Staples Lewis, the author
of The Chronicle of Narnia,had been written
this novel at 1950 with the title the Lion, the Witch and the wardrobebut he continued his novel until seven series
under title the last battlein 1956, that’s all of the novels that he had been written
collectively into one book by the title The
Chronicle of Narniathat we know until at present. Even though C.S.Lewis in the beginning of his career was not a children
bookwriter but he was a religious, academic
book writer and popular novelist that reflect in his works such as: The Pilgrim's Regress(1933) that content about his
own spiritual journey to Christian faith,
The Allegory of Love(1936) and one of his masterpiece history of love literature in the early Middle Ages to
Shakespeare's time; Out of the Silent Planet (1938), this is his first of
trilogy science fiction novel. The Chronicle of Narnia books have since sold more than 100 million
copies and are among the most beloved
books of classic children's literature.
The story of The Chronicle of
Narnia(the lion, the witch and the wardrobe)
was begin when 4 (four) main character, they are, Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy found the secret way to the
other world (Narnia) throughout the
wardrobe. Adventure by adventure had already been waited this 4 human start from Edmund tried to betrayed his brothers and
sister until fulfill the prophecy to save
the dream land Narnia from domination of white evil witch. In their adventure, they meet many kinds of animals
that canspeak like human by Aslan (the
lion) as the leader. Aslan believe that Peter,Susan, Edmund, and Lucy as son of Adam and daughter of Eve will release all
animals and dream land Narnia from evil
white witch. In the dream land Narnia had had been long winter that caused by evil white witch spell, there is not
Christmas in Narnia and whole land had been
frozen in the long time. All hope is in four of humans being as the main characters in the story. In every adventure
that the Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy
had been done, they found the new friend startfrom otter who the second believe that they were the 4 (four) humans
beings who become the savior from dream
land Narnia until the minotaur (the creature which had been human body shape from stomach until heads and horse from
stomach until the legs).
The imaginative expression will
be finding in everyscene and also act because
as the researcher said in the early of thisthesis that the novel is for children so the author was focused on the
children imagination. It is also the reason
why the researcher want to explore themes in The Chronicle of Narnia (The Lion, the witch and the wardrobe). The
imaginative expression is not only for
children but adults’ people had it, for example, the novel of Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling. Most of peoples in the world
like to see the movie, read the novel and
sometime collect many kinds of things about Harry Potter. It shows that imaginative expression appear and sometime
influence all age human in the world.
The author, Clive S. Lewis was
written this novel when he want to create some story for a children who sorrow because
of World War I, he wants to entertain
and make them laugh to forget even just awhile all their suffer. Beside that, based on the Sigmund Freud theory about
Psychology state that the memory of
childhood would influence to man kind journey ofhis life, because the author was write “ The Chronicle of Narnia (The Lion,
the witch and the wardrobe)” based on his imagination at that time.
The researcher interested in this
novel since the story was so imaginative and gives many lesson for the reader but
focused onthemes that contain on this novel,
it is why the researcher takes this novel tobe analysis. Besides, the novel that had been translated into motion picture
has deeply themes that should be appropriate
to analyze. The novel of “ The Chronicle of Narnia (The Lion, the witch and the wardrobe)”have imaginative
illustration which is show in almost all
the story of this novel.
I.2 Statements of the Problems Considering the points that already discussed
in the background of the study, the
novel representation of life and it shows value of factual and imaginative beauty. Themes on the Chronicle of
Narnia (The Lion, the witch and the
wardrobe)caused affect to the imaginative expression of thereader because some story can be a beautiful things to listen
fromsomeone and retell to other one. The
problems that will be discussed in this study are formulated as follows.
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