CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This
chapter presents background of the study, problem of the study, objective of the study, scope and limitation
of thestudy and definition of the key terms.
1.1. Background of the Study ( "Nun. By the pen and that which they
write” (Qs.Al Qalam:1) From that verse, we know that writing activities
actually very important.
Writing as the representation of
language in a textual medium with signs or symbols are the ways for human being to
express their ideas. Therefore, Allah SWT
Reminds us on the holy Koran. He Has Ordered usto write an important thing which can be useful for human being,
because this media cannot be separated
with intellectual and social activities (Lasa, 2006:33). In doing these activities human needs idea, expression, mind,
and concept expressed in the clear, united,
and understandable, so it becomes the united idea. To know the technique of writing, people have to understand words,
sentence, and paragraph. Paragraph as
the part of writing becomes an essential thing that has to be mastered in doing
this activity. It is why, this research
is proud tochoose process paragraph as the subject on this research.
A paragraph is a group of
sentences or a single sentence that forms a unit.
Length or appearance is not a
factor in determiningwhether a section in a paper is a paragraph. In fact, it is not the number of
sentences that construct a paragraph, but
the unity and coherence of ideas among those sentences. For instance, in some styles of writing, particularly journalistic
styles, a paragraph can be one sentence.
Ultimately, strong paragraphs
contain a sentence orsentences unified around one central, controlling idea (Langan, 2001:186).
On the developing paragraph, we
know that paragraphhas many elements such
as topic sentence, supporting sentence and conclusion. They must become a unity and coherence between elements to
another. This aspect is very important in making paragraph so the paragraph can be
understoodwell. This is in line with Arnaudet
and Barret (1981: 41) who said that understanding of readers is the main measure for controlling the idea and the
quality ofparagraph. Therefore, in writing
paragraph development, paragraph has to give intention more. It is applied in every types of development paragraph, like
comparison contras or process.
On the current era, writing is
not only a tool on giving information, but also give instruction (Ryan and Tankard,
2005:37). Like in the technology area, writing
is used to give a guide to operate the machine. Every electronic product always has a guidebook for user, so the user
will easily and does not need to ask the
producer of product to understand how to operate it. On this field, writing is very useful, moreover the form of process
paragraph.
Process paragraph is the type of
writing used to convey instruction. It can also explain how something happens or is
happened. Like narrative, the topic generally
follow chronological order, with each steps in the process linked to event in a well –develop plot. Much is made of
transition words and phrases to keep the
reader on the right track (Reid, 1994: 109). Like a storyteller, the writer process usually begins at the beginning and
followsthought to the end, sometimes like
listing steps by numbering but always providing sufficient details to help the readers picture the activity accurately and
correctly (Oshima and Hogue, 1983:35).
Process paragraphs are mostly used on manual for machine. Mobile phone or mobile phone also one of the machine,
which is followed with manual as the
instruction book for using it from the factory.Every people, if they buy a new mobile phone will get it.
Roy Suryo on Djan and Ramlan
(2006) said that the user of mobile phone in Indonesia approximately reaches 3 billion
people, 35% NOKIA, 21% Motorola, 12%
Samsung, 7,8% Sony Ericsson and 6,5% LG. It will always increase year by year. They are not only from
the rich class or middle class but also
from the lower class like the rider of Pedi cap (becak)or some labors at factory. It is also possible if someone from
the lower class has more than one mobile
phone. Although they do not have much and detail knowledge about mobile phone. The important thing for them is
the prestige when they can have mobile
phone and can take the advantages of this machine. Therefore, this research is important to be conducted in order
to give the details of application and
guidance for the users of mobile phone, NOKIA as one of the mobile phone producers provides guidebook.
NOKIA 3610 is the transformation
of the old type ofNokia mobile phone to
the new types. It has many facilities in doing communication like massage, telephone, and WAP (wireless application
protocol) access. This mobile phone also
has the complete guidebook. On this guidebook,we will find many process paragraphs, which give a simple guide on
operating this mobile phone. It also has icon helper for helping the readers to
understand the instruction. On giving the instruction, it gives an easy language as the
international standard. Therefore, it is a suitable guide book to be investigated.
This study is basically using
rhetorical approach. There are some students have conducted the study about writing and
paragraph from other perspectives.
The fist is a study conducted by
Mutiatul Habibah (2006) “Holistic Evaluation of Argumentative Essay in East Java Writing
Competition Held by English Letter Students
Association (Elsa) 2005 The State Islamic University of Malang”. The result of the research shows that most of them
havegood organization and fluent expression
and vocabulary composition and idiom choice; they also has mistakes of low argument, effective complex
construction andverb tense. Their mechanical composition are careless spelling and
punctuation especially comma and mark.
Second is a study by Noniawati
(2006) “A Study of Unity of Argumentative Essays Using Turn About in Writing Class III
of TheState Islamic University of Malang”
the results of the research are all the argumentative essays observed have clear thesis statement in introduction,
development paragraph, and conclusion
paragraph. Third is a study by Unun Hidayati (2007) “Claim of Fact Used in the Opinion Section of Tempo Magazine”
the result of the research is the using
of funnel are mostly on this opinion section, while turn about is only a few. However, in the area of process
paragraph, no one has conducted any analysis.
Therefore, this research analyzes the process paragraphs in NOKIA 3610 user’s guidebook.
1.2. Problem of the Study Based on the background of the study described
in the preceding part, this research
formulates research problem “How is process paragraph applied in NOKIA 3610 user’s guidebook?” To answer the
research problem above, formulation of
research questions as followed: 1. What types of process paragraph are in NOKIA
3610 user’s guidebook? 2.
Which type of process paragraph is mainly used in NOKIA 3610 user’s guidebook? 1.3. Objective of the Study The objective of this study is to identify the
application of process paragraphs in
NOKIA 3610 user’s guidebook by describing the type of process paragraph and the types that mainly used in
NOKIA 3610 user’s guidebook.
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