1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 The Background of the study Literature is a
kind of media through writing in expressing idea or ideas imaginatively.
Literary writer such as novelist, poet, or
dramatist is an individual and social
being who wants to express his or her understanding towards lives by his or her works. By doing so, the literary writer is
a mediator to his or her reader through
the text or language he or she writes in their work. That is why rene Welleck (1976 : 1) states that literature is a
reflection of life or the mirror of life that needs understanding wholly.
Nathaniel hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is a
novel that tells about man’s life
experience during the time of Puritanism teaching was dominat. Puritanism is a religious belief that represents absolute
rule to praise Lord as the creator of the universe. The teaching sounds so perfect that
beyond the man’s ability to follow.
For instance, a man must be free from sin
whatever he has done in his life. A woman is not allowed to wear lipstick
because it is supposed a kind of affection from the satan. In short, man must live
heavenly on the earth living.
This paper writing provides an analysis of
hypocricy of human beings under the mask
of puritanistic teaching . besides, the man becomes so arrogant in their action because everyone thinks that he
the very clean man out from doing sinful
deed. These phenomena are very smoothly expressed behind the text of the novel. Of what has been portrayed in the novel
directs the paper to discuss the two 2 points that is hypocricy and arrogance. Each
of the terms sounds the negative effect
of puritanistic teaaching that disturbs the novelist’s social response. That is
why this novel is received as a social
novel which implies social matter that happens
in the society.
The theme of the novel has been the reason why
the focus of analysis is addressed to
negative effect of puritanistic teaching. As the name suggests that man should be pure in his life conduct, the
novel presents the contrast in social real
life. The story goes that a woman named Ester has a scandal with a preacher named Arthur. The scandal has made ester
pregnant and the preacher just keeps silent
on what has happened. Ester must come through the punisment by wearing a leeter A for Adultery on her neck. It
informs publicly that Ester has committed an adultery that needs knowing by anyone.
The novelist, Hawthorne, seems not to agree
with such sadistic punisment.
On the half of Puritanism, there must be a
humble heart in the sense of forgiving to
any wrong doing, whatever the deed is. As a matter of fact, it is so far
different from human sense that destroys
one’s normal life socially. Ester has her option in running her life out of what she has done. She
has her own reason towards her decion in
the way she runs her wants and diswants in her lives, at least. This is the reason as well as the background of this paper
writing.
3 1.2
The Problem of the Study The novel The Scarlet Letter is a social novel
that pictures specifically social
problem under the influence of Puritanism. Puritanism is a kind of religious dogman under Chrisyianity that teaches a man
must be pure in his life which is free
from sinful deed. Since the teaching is beyond man’s limited power, the impact of the teaching is so contrast with the
reality. Therefore the problem is addressed
to : 1.
How is hypocricy so dominat in the character’s living ? 2. How
is arrogance happened behind the hypocrite manner on the character’s living? 1.3 The Scope of the Study The scope of the
study in this paper is limited to the characters, Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale, who become the
victims of puritanistic negative effects.
The former is the weak victime, and the latter is the strong one. Hester is one of female congregation under the preaching
of Arthur whi is the preacher of the
church.
1.4
The Purpose of the Study The purppose of this study is : (1) to explain
the hypocrite manner under the teaching
of puritanistic dogma through the character; (2) to describe how arrogance happens under the puritansitic dogma
as expressed in the novel.
4 1.5
The Significance Theoritically, the significance of this study is to
enrich literary insights through
analysing the novel. It is done for scientific understanding of how literary work is analysed for better understanding of
what novel is and its theme. Next, practical
significance of this study is to understand the novel Scarlet Letter as well as its writer of how the novelist pictures the
effects of puritanistic dogma. In addition,
this study can be applied by other students as reference for further study related to this novel or other works.
1.6
The Methodology • Method The method of this paper writing is descripive
in terms of describing the phenomena
found in the novel Scarlet letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorn. The phenomena are related to the negative sides of
puritanistic teachings addressed to congregation
of a church or churches. The phenomena themselves are selected from the quotations taken from the text of the
novel. The texts are selected through
reading and then noting important and related quotations to the puritanism elements. The selection of the text
is made in order to make specific in doing
the analysis. After that, the interpretation comes before the analysis on the quotations selected. Finally, the conclusion
is done as the summary of the whole analysis.
5 •
Source of data The source of data
is devided into two categories : primary and secondary source data. The primary source data is the
novel The Scarlet Letter. The secondary source data is books that related to
the study especially literary books.
Besides, the internet is also applied in order
to get more information about the novel
and the data.
• Data The
data of this paper research is the text of the novel in the form of quotations. The novel has been read several
times and then the text of the novel is selected
by identifying quotations which are connected to the analysis.
• Data
Analysis The selection of the text is done by reading the text and then making
some notes which are supposed to support
the analysis. The step follows by classifying that the text is reliable to point or analysis
of the paper. After selecting, the interpretation
is needed in order to get the idea of the text and then comes to a conclusion, after all.
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