CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background Of Analysis Literature
is one of the great creative and universal means of communication.
The basic process of
communication begins when a fact or idea is observed by one person. That
person (the sender)
may decide to translate the
observation into a message,
and then transmit the
message through some
communication medium to another
person (the receiver).
The receiver then
must interpret the
message and provide feedback to
the sender indicating that the message has been understood and appropriate action
taken. Human beings can’t
live alone, human
beings need to interact
with others in
the world by
the way of
communication but in
the way of communication, it is needed a media which
can express their thoughts and feelings.
Through literature, human beings
can communicate with others because literature is a media of communication.
Literature itself comes from the
Latin “Literra” which refers to the written or printed work. It means that a
communication by human beings which interpreted in literature especially nowadays generally through
written media. In
literature , the authors
try to express
their ideas about
what they did
through their experiences
in their life and what was happening around them and tried to
communicate to people in the way of written media, it called the process of
communications by literature, the process of communications can divided into
two : Oral and Written.
Oral is everyday spoken language meanwhile
written is composed of written words, so combined as to express thoughts. The
process of communication is about giving
and receive information through any
number of channels,
listening and reading. Listening
is a communication that happens by oral communication, a person talks to
another and the other person tries to
listen what the person
talks. It’s the process of communication by oral. It’s more effective because a speaker has
more ability to engage
the audience psychologically and
to use complex
forms of nonverbal
communication. Oral communication, while
primarily referring to spoken verbal communication, can
also employ visual
aids and non-verbal
elements to support the
conveyance of meaning. Oral
communication includes speeches, presentations, discussions, and
aspects of interpersonal communication. As a type of face-to-face communication, body language and choice tonality
play a significant role, and
may have a
greater impact upon
the listener than
informational content.
This type of communication also
garners immediate feedback.
Meanwhile written communication
is how a person reads something such like article or book and gets something of
it. The process of the communication happens when a person reads something from
a person who writes some information or ideas through the
written media. Writing is a
medium of communication that represents language through the inscription
of signs and symbols. The message of writing can be carefully
prepared and then
directed to people. The
written messages can be
edited and revised
several times before
they are sent
so that the
content can be shaped to maximum effect. The great effect
of written communication in this era is people
can communicate to
others each other
from across the
island by text
or Internet. It’s easier in the process of communication through written
media.
Literature
is a product
of a language,
because language is
used to express ideas, feelings, and opinions to
exchange information, to do business, to absorb, to write a literature or works
and keep in touch with others. Language is important way to transmit
culture through language
people can learn
their cultural identify.
Language can be described as a
symbol system in which sounds and meanings are assigned to each other, allowing
humans to communicate what people are thinking and how they are feeling.
Language is a body of words system for the use common to people who are the
same community or nation.
The most general genres in
literature is divided into three major genres, they are drama,
prose, and poetry.
Drama is a
work of literature
which is design
for performances by presenting
actions or dialogues
of a character
or a group
of character. Poetry is
written forms who
express a conversation or
interchange and wide variety of
subject. Prose is divided based on its period time. First old prose is such as
myth, fairytale, folk
tale, fable, saga
and the second
part is such
as short story, novel, article
and journal.
Novel is part of prose for the
discussion of facts and topical reading as it is often articulated
in free form
writing style. A
novel (lat.novella, new things)
is an extended work of prose
fiction, longer than a short story or medium-length fiction, called a novelette
or novella (Whitla : 1934:155).
Novel is the
further enlargement of
romance. The novel
renders reality closely and in
comprehensive detail. It takes a group of people and set them going about the
business of life. Augustan period is featured development of novel itself.” (Samekto, 1976:
34). Some short
essays from the
author of the
period ( Joseph Addison and Richard Steele) were the
sign from birth of a novel especially Modern Novel.
In this thesis the writer would like to analyze
symbols in Angels and Demons Novel by Dan Brown. There are many symbols found
in the novel that makes them being mysterious, interesting and unique to be
analyzed about symbolism. Symbol is one
of ways in
understanding of a
literature because symbol
is an object
which stands for something
else, the way
to communicate with
others and explain
more about something.
The novel introduces the
character Robert Langdon as Symbologist , who is also the protagonist of Brown's
subsequent 2003 novel, The Da
Vinci Code, and 2009 novel, The
Lost Symbol. He
tries to stop
the Illuminati, a legendary
secret society, from destroying Vatican City with his partner, a scientist
Vittoria Vetra. It also shares many stylistic literary elements with its sequel, such as
conspiracies of secret societies, a single-day time frame, and the Catholic
Church.
Ancient history,
architecture, and symbolism
are also heavily
referenced throughout the book. Angels
and Demons is basically
a story about
the historical conflict between
religion (the Roman Catholic Church) and science. The Vatican has throughout history
always been against
science, repressing great
scientific discoveries. A secret organization, the Illuminati, that
tried to reconcile religion and science, has infiltrated the Vatican and now
the Illuminati is longing for revenge.
A
symbol creates a
direct meaningful between
object, action, ideas
in life.
Each symbol has its own objective
identity, and may function at an ordinary level.
According to Arthur Simon in The
Symbolist Movement Literature, “Symbolism is an
attempt to reinvest
language with its
powers of ambivalence
and mystery, to relieve
it of the
stulfying burden of
representing factitious identity
and clear-cut categories.” (1899
: 490 – 491).
Symbol is something that is intended to stand
for something else other than itself. The relationship between words and their
meanings is (mostly) arbitrary, using arbitrary sounds in
conventional ways with
conventional meanings. The
system of signs or symbols are
considered in the language. Any set or system of such Symbols as used
in a more
or less uniform
fashion by a
number of people,
who are thus enabled to communicate intelligibly with
one another. It can be found as printed or speaking. Early literature was oral,
meant to be memorized and recited and doing that by communication using
language. Later was written down and read. It can conclude that the literature
itself has widely definition A symbol
has a meaning
that need to
interpret or to explain
into a new language or description which is easy to
understand by studying the real meaning of a
symbol and how
the symbol has
ability to influence
society by its
mysteries.
Symbolism is not just about
enabling a writer to say the same thing more concisely.
It is about allowing them to say
something more effectively. Angels and Demons is The Sequel novel of Dan Brown
who tells about some symbols and tries to analyze each of symbols in the story.
The writer wants to analyze how symbolism takes part in the story and interpret
the meaning of every symbol.
Symbols are
abstract and it’s
not easy to
understand the real
meaning of a symbol, a symbol is important in literary
work as transferring meaning hidden behind the
words or pictures
and to share
ideas feelings the
authors and also
author indirectly expressed his idea by using symbols. A symbol may to
communicate with one another, something
hidden to share
our ideas and
feelings. A symbol
is not directly explained
by someone or
something. It can
contain of object,
figures, character where it
represents. For example:
“White”, to symbolize
as pureness, purity,
spotness, and innocent.
Because it knows based
on the descriptions
about symbols.
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